System and method for detecting and alerting unexpected behavior of software applications

ABSTRACT

A method finding the root cause of errors and/or unexpected behavior of a monitored software application, the method comprising: providing a decision tree corresponding to an error and/or unexpected behavior of a software application, wherein the decision tree comprising multiple nodes, wherein the decision tree further comprising one or more leaf nodes, wherein the leaf nodes indicates at least one reason and one or more possible solutions for the error and/or unexpected behavior; scanning one or more log-files of a software application; determining, based on the decision tree and the scanned log files which step has been not performed by the software application, wherein the non-performed step being indicative for an error and/or unexpected behavior of the software application; determining a leaf node based on the determined non-performed step; extracting information from the leaf node; and providing a reason and/or a solution of the error and/or unexpected behavior.

BACKGROUND

The present invention relates to methods for detecting errors/exceptionsand unexpected behavior of software applications. More specifically, thepresent document relates to a method for detecting errors/exceptions andunexpected behavior of software applications based on decision trees.

BRIEF SUMMARY

Additional aspects and/or advantages will be set forth in part in thedescription which follows and, in part, will be apparent from thedescription, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

A computer-implemented method finding the root cause of errors and/orunexpected behavior of a monitored software application, the methodcomprising: providing a decision tree corresponding to an error and/orunexpected behavior of a software application, wherein the decision treecomprising multiple nodes and the nodes are coupled by branches, whereinthe decision tree further comprising one or more leaf nodes, wherein theleaf nodes indicates at least one reason and one or more possiblesolutions for the error and/or unexpected behavior; scanning one or morelog-files of a software application and running through the decisiontree based on the steps included in the scanned log files; determining,based on the decision tree and the scanned log files which step has beennot performed by the software application, wherein the non-performedstep being indicative for an error and/or unexpected behavior of thesoftware application; determining a leaf node based on the determinednon-performed step; extracting information from the leaf node; andproviding a reason and/or a solution of the error and/or unexpectedbehavior associated with the non-performed step based on the extractedinformation.

A computer-implemented method finding the root cause of unexpectedbehavior of a software application in a usage scenario, the methodcomprising the steps of: providing a decision tree corresponding to ausage scenario of a software application, wherein the decision treecomprising multiple nodes and the nodes are coupled by branches, whereinthe decision tree further comprising one or more leaf nodes, wherein theleaf nodes indicating at least one reason and one or more possiblesolutions for the unexpected behavior; providing a list of steps whichhave to be executed in order to achieve a certain behavior of thesoftware application in the usage scenario; scanning one or morelog-files of a software application; checking, based on the list ofsteps to be executed, the one or more scanned log-file to determine ifthe one or more log-files contain information regarding the execution ofall steps in the list; running through the decision tree based on thesteps included in the scanned log file, when a step in the list of stepshas not been executed; determining a leaf node of the decision tree thatcorresponds to the non-executed step; extracting information from thedetermined leaf node of the decision tree; and providing a reason fornot executing the step and/or a solution to avoid unexpected behavior inthe usage scenario based on the extracted information.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The above and other aspects, features, and advantages of certainexemplary embodiments of the present invention will be more apparentfrom the following description taken in conjunction with theaccompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic flow chart of a method for detectingerrors/exceptions and unexpected behavior of software applicationsaccording to a first embodiment;

FIG. 2a illustrates an example log file according to a first usagescenario;

FIG. 2b illustrates a decision tree corresponding to the usage scenarioof the log file of FIG. 2 a;

FIG. 3 illustrates a schematic flow chart of a method for detectingerrors/exceptions and unexpected behavior of software applicationsaccording to a second embodiment;

FIG. 4a illustrates an example log file according to a second usagescenario;

FIG. 4b illustrates a decision tree corresponding to the usage scenarioof the log file of FIG. 4 a;

FIG. 5a illustrates an example log file according to a third usagescenario;

FIG. 5b illustrates a decision tree corresponding to the usage scenarioof the log file of FIG. 5 a.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The following description with reference to the accompanying drawings isprovided to assist in a comprehensive understanding of exemplaryembodiments of the invention as defined by the claims and theirequivalents. It includes various specific details to assist in thatunderstanding but these are to be regarded as merely exemplary.Accordingly, those of ordinary skill in the art will recognize thatvarious changes and modifications of the embodiments described hereincan be made without departing from the scope and spirit of theinvention. In addition, descriptions of well-known functions andconstructions may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

The terms and words used in the following description and claims are notlimited to the bibliographical meanings, but, are merely used to enablea clear and consistent understanding of the invention. Accordingly, itshould be apparent to those skilled in the art that the followingdescription of exemplary embodiments of the present invention isprovided for illustration purpose only and not for the purpose oflimiting the invention as defined by the appended claims and theirequivalents.

It is to be understood that the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “the”include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.Thus, for example, reference to “a component surface” includes referenceto one or more of such surfaces unless the context clearly dictatesotherwise.

Reference will now be made in detail to the embodiments of the presentinvention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanyingdrawings, wherein like reference numerals refer to like elementsthroughout.

According to an example embodiment, the scanning of log-files isperformed in parallel to the execution of the monitored softwareapplication. Thereby, a prompt detection of possible errors orindications to future unexpected behavior is possible. Alternatively,the monitoring method can be started also before the regular executionof the software application in order to determine whether a certainerror has been logged during the installation phase and remedy the errorbefore executing the software application.

According to example embodiments, the log file comprises multiple logentries, wherein a certain log entry of the log file is associated witha certain node of the decision tree. Thereby, the decision tree can betraversed by subsequently following nodes which correspond to the stepsincluded in the scanned log file.

According to example embodiments, a plurality of decision trees isprovided and a certain decision tree out of the plurality of decisiontrees is selected based on the actual usage scenario or an encounterederror. It may also be possible that multiple usage scenarios are coveredby a single decision tree. The decision tree may map steps to beperformed during the usage scenario or which may be performed inassociation with the occurrence of a certain failure.

According to example embodiments, the running through the decision treeis triggered by a message included in a log file, the message indicatingan error or unexpected behavior of the monitored software application.So, in other words, if an error occurs, a certain decision tree may beselected by considering the occurred error and the decision tree istraversed based on the steps included in the log file until a step isfound which caused the error.

According to example embodiments, a list of possible error scenariosincluding one or more key words indicating an error is provided whereinbased on the list the occurrence of a certain error can be detected whenscanning the log files. For example, the list may include specific keywords which indicate a certain failure or exception. Thereby, adefinition is provided which kind of information included in the logfile is indicative for a failure.

According to example embodiments, the provided solution is executedautomatically in order to remedy an occurred error and/or unexpectedbehavior. Thereby, a prompt solution for the occurred error is obtained.

According to example embodiments, feedback is provided to a user, thefeedback informing the user regarding an encountered error or possiblyoccurring unexpected behavior. Thereby, the administrator is directlyinformed regarding the occurrence of one or more errors.

According to example embodiments, the method is triggered by noticing astatement corresponding to a certain usage scenario. For example, acertain user input or system state may indicate a certain usagescenario. After recognizing the usage scenario, certain log files can bescanned in order to determine whether all steps for achieving expectedbehavior of the monitored software application are executed/performed.

According to example embodiments, a plurality of lists of steps isprovided and a certain list out of the plurality of lists is selectedbased on the respective usage scenario. So, depending on the respectiveusage scenario, a certain set of steps may be deemed to be essential foran expected functionality of the software application and the steps forthe respective usage scenario are obtained by selecting the list basedon the recognized usage scenario.

According to example embodiments, feedback is provided to a user, thefeedback informing the user regarding not executing at least one step.Thereby, the administrator is directly informed that a certain step hasbeen not executed and that, due to the non-execution of the step,unexpected software application behavior may occur.

The term “software application” as used in the present disclosure mayrelate to a single software application as well as a softwareapplication being included in a software environment comprising aplurality of software modules. The “software application” may be a partof a system, for example, a production system which is controlled bymeans of the software application.

The present invention may be a system, a method, and/or a computerprogram product. The computer program product may include a computerreadable storage medium (or media) having computer readable programinstructions thereon for causing a processor to carry out aspects of thepresent invention.

The computer readable storage medium can be a tangible device that canretain and store instructions for use by an instruction executiondevice. The computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but isnot limited to, an electronic storage device, a magnetic storage device,an optical storage device, an electromagnetic storage device, asemiconductor storage device, or any suitable combination of theforegoing. A non-exhaustive list of more specific examples of thecomputer readable storage medium includes the following: a portablecomputer diskette, a hard disk, a random access memory (RAM), aread-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROMor Flash memory), a static random access memory (SRAM), a portablecompact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disk (DVD),a memory stick, a floppy disk, a mechanically encoded device such aspunch-cards or raised structures in a groove having instructionsrecorded thereon, and any suitable combination of the foregoing. Acomputer readable storage medium, as used herein, is not to be construedas being transitory signals per se, such as radio waves or other freelypropagating electromagnetic waves, electromagnetic waves propagatingthrough a waveguide or other transmission media (e.g., light pulsespassing through a fiber-optic cable), or electrical signals transmittedthrough a wire.

Computer readable program instructions described herein can bedownloaded to respective computing/processing devices from a computerreadable storage medium or to an external computer or external storagedevice via a network, for example, the Internet, a local area network, awide area network and/or a wireless network. The network may comprisecopper transmission cables, optical transmission fibers, wirelesstransmission, routers, firewalls, switches, gateway computers and/oredge servers. A network adapter card or network interface in eachcomputing/processing device receives computer readable programinstructions from the network and forwards the computer readable programinstructions for storage in a computer readable storage medium withinthe respective computing/processing device.

Computer readable program instructions for carrying out operations ofthe present invention may be assembler instructions,instruction-set-architecture (ISA) instructions, machine instructions,machine dependent instructions, microcode, firmware instructions,state-setting data, or either source code or object code written in anycombination of one or more programming languages, including an objectoriented programming language such as Smalltalk, C++ or the like, andconventional procedural programming languages, such as the “C”programming language or similar programming languages. The computerreadable program instructions may execute entirely on the user'scomputer, partly on the user's computer, as a stand-alone softwarepackage, partly on the user's computer and partly on a remote computeror entirely on the remote computer or server. In the latter scenario,the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through anytype of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide areanetwork (WAN), or the connection may be made to an external computer(for example, through the Internet using an Internet Service Provider).In some embodiments, electronic circuitry including, for example,programmable logic circuitry, field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), orprogrammable logic arrays (PLA) may execute the computer readableprogram instructions by utilizing state information of the computerreadable program instructions to personalize the electronic circuitry,in order to perform aspects of the present invention.

Aspects of the present invention are described herein with reference toflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus(systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of theinvention. It will be understood that each block of the flowchartillustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in theflowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented bycomputer readable program instructions.

These computer readable program instructions may be provided to aprocessor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, orother programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, suchthat the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computeror other programmable data processing apparatus, create means forimplementing the functions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or blockdiagram block or blocks. These computer readable program instructionsmay also be stored in a computer readable storage medium that can directa computer, a programmable data processing apparatus, and/or otherdevices to function in a particular manner, such that the computerreadable storage medium having instructions stored therein comprises anarticle of manufacture including instructions which implement aspects ofthe function/act specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram blockor blocks.

The computer readable program instructions may also be loaded onto acomputer, other programmable data processing apparatus, or other deviceto cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer,other programmable apparatus or other device to produce a computerimplemented process, such that the instructions which execute on thecomputer, other programmable apparatus, or other device implement thefunctions/acts specified in the flowchart and/or block diagram block orblocks.

The flowchart and block diagrams in the Figures illustrate thearchitecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementationsof systems, methods, and computer program products according to variousembodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in theflowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portionof instructions, which comprises one or more executable instructions forimplementing the specified logical function(s). In some alternativeimplementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of theorder noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in successionmay, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks maysometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon thefunctionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of theblock diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocksin the block diagrams and/or flowchart illustration, can be implementedby special purpose hardware-based systems that perform the specifiedfunctions or acts or carry out combinations of special purpose hardwareand computer instructions.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particularembodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Asused herein, the singular forms “a”, “an” and “the” are intended toinclude the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicatesotherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises”and/or “comprising,” when used in this specification, specify thepresence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements,and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of oneor more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements,components, and/or groups thereof.

In a broad sense, the present invention generally relates to methods fordetecting reasons why a software application failed to provide expectedfunctionality and to proactively alert a user when an error condition,exception or unexpected behavior of the software application isforeseen. The proposed method may work in parallel with the softwareapplication being monitored. The method is adapted to detect reasons byparsing log files, find error messages from the log files, traversethrough a provided decision tree and find the reason for the error andadvise the end user on the error, the reason for the error and apossible solution for the error. In an alternative embodiment, themethod may be adapted to foresee exceptions just before an error orexception has been thrown, but the final result is not in line with theexpected one. The anticipatory recognizing of exceptions may beperformed based on messages and/or information included in the logfiles.

FIG. 1 illustrates an example work flow 100 of a method for finding theroot cause of an error and/or unexpected behavior of a softwareapplication being monitored when performing the method. The terms“error” or “exception” according to the present invention refers to anymalfunction of a software application, for example, a malfunctionleading to a termination of the program or limited functionality of theprogram etc. The term “unexpected behavior” according to the presentinvention refers to non-desired functionality of the program, e.g. byproviding wrong results, limited functionality, limited access tocertain program features etc.

As a basis of the method 100, a decision tree is provided (S110).Examples of the decision trees are illustrated in FIGS. 2b, 4b and 5b ,which are further described in detail below. Each decision treecomprises multiple nodes (represented by the diamonds in FIGS. 2b, 4band 5b ) and branches coupling the nodes. In addition, the decision treecomprises one or more leaf nodes (represented by ellipses in FIGS. 2b,4b and 5b ). A decision tree is associated with one or more usagescenarios, respectively, one or more exceptions that may occur withinthe monitored software application. The decision tree may map the basicstructure of a usage scenario and/or the steps which are performedbefore a certain exception/error occurs.

More in detail, a certain decision tree may be generated beforeperforming the monitoring of the software application. The decision treemay be created for a specific usage scenario or error/exception byconsidering existing log files which have been created during priorexecutions of the software application. The log files show the specificbehavior of the software application in the specific usage scenario,respectively, in case of an error/exception. In other words, thedecision tree may be at least partially created automatically.Alternatively or in addition, the decision tree may at least bepartially created by a human administrator. The log files may include aplurality of steps being performed by the monitored software applicationin the respective usage scenario or error/exception. The steps performedaccording to a certain usage scenario or error/exception are shown inFIGS. 2a, 4a and 5a described below. Each step comprises a key/valuepair, wherein the key may represent the name of the step and the valueis a description that will appear in one of the log files generated bythe software application being monitored.

Each node (diamond in FIGS. 2b, 4b and 5b ) in the decision tree refersto a certain step in the log file. The branches of the decision treewhich connect a pair of adjacent nodes indicate that after a certainstep (associated with a certain node) a further step (indicated by afurther subsequent node) should be performed. In other words, thedecision tree provides based on the queue of nodes a road map for anexpected behavior of a certain error scenario or usage scenario.

Based on the decision tree, a monitoring and detection of unexpectedbehavior or error scenario of the software application is possible. Morein detail, one or more log files of the monitored software applicationare scanned (S120). The scanning can be done during the execution of thesoftware application, i.e. simultaneously with the logging of statusinformation of the software application. The currently updated loggingfiles are scanned in order to evaluate the current state of themonitored software application. However, the scanning can also beperformed after completing a certain log file. Furthermore, the logfiles may be log files created during installation (installation logs)of the software application. The monitoring system may search theinstallation logs for error messages loaded to it in order to uncoverinstallation errors before the installed software application isexecuted for the first time.

The monitoring system may comprise information regarding possible errorscenarios, for example, a list of possible error scenarios. In addition,the information may also include specific key words which indicateerrors/exceptions. The information regarding possible error scenariosmay be used to detect the occurrence of an error/exception. Eacherror/exception may be associated with a certain decision tree. Thus,the decision tree used in further processing may be selected based onthe detected error/exception. In other words, the monitoring system maycomprise a plurality of decision trees covering differenterror/exception cases. A certain decision tree suitable for finding theroot cause of the present error can be selected by determining the errorscenario based on an error indicator included in a log file and select asuitable decision tree for the respective error/exception.

After selecting the suitable decision tree, the decision tree istraversed (S130). The traversing or running through the decision tree isperformed based on the steps included in the log files in which an errorindicator has been found. As described before, each log file includes asequence of steps. Each step of the log file is associated with acertain node of the respective decision tree. Therefore, based on thelog file steps, the monitoring system can run through the decision tree.Due to the exception/error, the log file may not comprise all stepswhich are included in the decision tree. So, by traversing the decisiontree based on the steps included in the log file, a step can bedetermined which has not been executed due to the occurrence of theerror (S140). It is worth mentioning that the steps and plurality ofdecision trees will be specific to the software application beingmonitored.

The decision tree may comprise information regarding the root cause ofthe error/exception. The information may be provided in association withthe step found to be not performed. More in detail, the last node whichhas been performed at last may comprise a branch to a node beingassociated with the step which has not been executed and a furtherbranch to a leaf node. The leaf node may comprise information indicatingthe reason why the error/exception occurred and may comprise alsoinformation how to remedy the error/exception. So, based on thenon-performed step it is possible to determine a leaf node (S150),extract information regarding the reason of the error/exception and itssolution out of the leaf node (S160) thereby being able to provide areason and/or a solution to the respective error/exception (S170).Alternatively or in addition, the administrator or another user may beinformed regarding the occurrence of an error and/or unexpectedbehavior. Based on the information regarding the reason and/or solutionan administrator of the monitored software application may be able toremedy the root cause of the error/exception. Alternatively, anautomated remedy of the root cause of the error/exception may beinitiated. In addition, the information regarding the reason of theerror/exception and its solution may also comprise a pointer to thedocumentation of the software application in order enable theadministrator to receive further information regarding theerror/exception.

FIGS. 2a and 2b refer to a first implementation example of theupper-described method. The method may be triggered by an error messageor exception message found in a log file, for example, in the log filesof a server. For example, the found error message may be “000000b6XMLPayloadTra E Error in getting config element of JSON response arrayobjects.” The log file, respectively, the error message may beassociated with a certain error scenario. The error scenario may belinked with a certain decision tree. The decision tree may be used inthe following for finding the root cause of the error. More in detail,for finding the root cause, the method may traverse through the decisiontree based on the steps included in the log file comprising the errormessage. Alternatively, the error message may not be directly includedin the log file but the error message is associated with a certain logfile and the associated log file is used for traversing through thedecision tree.

FIG. 2a shows the steps 210 included in the log file 200. Each step 210comprises a step name 211 and a description 212 associated with the stepname. The description 212 may be generated by the monitored softwareapplication. The present example refers to a database environment. Thelog file 200 indicates that three steps has been performed, namely afirst step of applying a fixpack, a second step of testing the databaseconnection and a third step indicating that the database has beenupdated. Based on the steps included in the log file 200, the decisiontree 250 illustrated in FIG. 2b is traversed. The decision tree 250comprises multiple decision diamonds 260, 261, 262 coupled with branches256. The log file 200 indicates that three steps 210 referring to thedecision diamonds 260, 261, 262 has been performed. As such, bytraversing the decision tree 250, the decision diamond 262 is reached.

Each decision diamond 260, 261, 262 is coupled with a leaf node 270,271, 272, 273 by means of branches 256. The leaf nodes 270, 271, 272,273 may comprise a hint or a pointer to the reason why a certain stepassociated with the preceding certain decision diamond 260, 261, 262could not be executed. In addition, the leaf nodes 270, 271, 272, 273may also comprise a hint or a pointer to a solution how the root causeof the error can be solved. So, by traversing the decision tree 250based on the steps 210 included in the log file 200, a leaf node 270,271, 272, 273 can be found which includes or points to informationregarding the reason and the solution of the error/exception. In thepresent embodiment, the leaf node 273 is reached (by additionallyconsidering the description 212 of the last executed step 210) whichprovides respective reason/solution information.

FIG. 3 illustrates an example work flow 300 of a method for finding theroot cause of an unexpected behavior preventively, i.e. well before anerror or exception occurred. Similar to the embodiment of FIG. 1, as abasis of the method 300, a decision tree is provided (S310). The basicstructure of the decision tree is similar to the upper-mentionedembodiments. Therefore, reference is made to the description of thedecision tree above. Similarly, the decision tree may be generated inadvance. Regarding the generation of the decision tree, also referenceis made to the description above.

Based on such decision tree, finding the root cause of unexpectedbehavior of the software application before an occurrence of anerror/exception is possible. In other words, a prevention oferror/exception scenarios is possible. In order to recognize unexpectedbehavior, a list of steps to be performed in a certain usage scenario isprovided (S320). The list comprises those steps which have to beincluded in a certain log file associated with a certain usage scenarioin order to achieve an expected behavior of the software application. Inother words, the list comprises all steps which are necessary for acertain functionality of the software application.

The one or more log files of the monitored software application arescanned (S330). The scanning can be done during the execution of thesoftware application, i.e. simultaneously with the logging of statusinformation of the software application. The currently updated loggingfiles are scanned in order to evaluate the current state of themonitored software application. However, the scanning can also beperformed after completing a certain log file. Furthermore, the logfiles may be log files created during installation (installation logs)of the software application.

Based on the list of steps, the scanned log file is checked whether allsteps have been executed (S340). If so, the monitored software isevaluated to run as expected and no further action is necessary. If not(a non-executed step has been found), the monitored software applicationmay show an unexpected behavior. In order to find preventively the rootcause of the unexpected behavior and solve the reason for the unexpectedbehavior, the monitoring method may initiate a run through the decisiontree (S350). The monitoring system may comprise a set of multipledecision trees wherein each decision tree is associated with a certainusage scenario. One decision tree may be selected based on the currentusage scenario (also used for selecting the list of steps). The runthrough the decision tree may be performed based on the steps includedin the scanned log file.

As described before, each log file includes a sequence of steps. Eachstep of the log file is associated with a certain node of the respectivedecision tree. Therefore, based on the log file steps, the monitoringsystem can run through the decision tree. Due to the missing step, thelog file may not comprise all steps which are included as associatednodes in the decision tree. So, by traversing the decision tree andbased on the determined non-executed step, a step can be determinedwhich has not been executed.

The decision tree may comprise information regarding the root cause ofthe unexpected behavior. The information may be provided in associationwith the step which has been not executed. More in detail, the nodebeing associated with the step which has not been executed comprises abranch to a leaf node. The leaf node may comprise information indicatingthe reason why the step has not been executed and may comprise alsoinformation how to remedy the issue. So, based on the non-executed stepit is possible to determine a leaf node (S360) and extract informationregarding the reason why the step has been not executed and its solutionout of the leaf node (S370). Thereby it is possible to provide a reasonand/or a solution why the step has not been executed and thereby a hintto a future unexpected behavior (S380). Specifically, the administrator,respectively, another user may be informed that a certain step has notbeen executed and that the software application may show unexpectedbehavior. Based on the information regarding the reason and/or solutionan administrator of the monitored software application may be able toremedy the root cause thereby preventively avoiding a future unexpectedbehavior. Alternatively, an automated remedy of the root cause of thenon-executed step may be initiated. In addition, the informationregarding the reason for the non-executed step and its solution may alsocomprise a pointer to the documentation of the software application inorder enable the administrator to receive further information.

FIGS. 4a and 4b refer to an implementation example of a method accordingto the workflow of FIG. 3. FIG. 4a shows a log file 400 with multiplesteps 410 and FIG. 4b shows a decision tree 450 corresponding to the logfile 400. The decision tree 450 and the log file 400 refer to a certainusage scenario. The usage scenario in the present example is thedetection of certain inconsistencies in the configuration of anapplication. More in detail, during the configuration of a softwareapplication, certain errors may occur which may not lead to an immediateerror or exception but to an unexpected behavior later on. As such, itis advantageous to provide a mechanism to detect such configurationinconsistencies in order to inform the administrator or user about theinconsistencies and thereby avoiding the unexpected behavior.

The present example refers to IBM InfoSphere Platform. During InfoSphereMaster Data Management (MDM) configuration, an MDM administrator user iscreated in the WebSphere user repository. The user name commonly used is‘mdmadmin’. A record with user name ‘mdmadmin’ is inserted into tablempi_usrhead. Only those users for which a corresponding record existingin mpi_usrhead table will be allowed to login to certain UserInterfaces. So, in other words, if there is a mismatch between the adminuser name and the record in the table mpi_usrhead, a login failure mayappear.

The method using the decision tree according to FIG. 4b may inform theend user to insert a row into mpi_usrhead table, when the MDMadministrator user is not mdmadmin, thereby preventing a failure whenthe user tries to login to a User Interface. In the present embodiment,the monitoring method is started when detecting a certain statement(e.g. creating an MDM administrator user) which corresponds to a certainusage scenario (e.g. user administration). The usage scenario may belinked with a list of steps, the list reflecting which steps have to beincluded in one or more log files in order to obtain a desired behaviorof the monitored software application.

Referring to the log file 400, an step of the present usage scenario isthe insertion of the record comprising the user name ‘mdmadmin’ into thetable mpi_usrhead (second step in the log file). Decision tree 450includes, for example, decision diamond 460, decision diamond 461, andleaf node 470. Referring to the decision tree 450, if the step ismissing, the leaf node 470 associated with the decision diamond 461 maycontain or provide a hint towards the reason of future unexpectedbehavior and a solution for avoiding the unexpected behavior. Thereby,unexpected behavior and/or exceptions can be avoided preventively.

FIGS. 5a and 5b refer to a further implementation example of a methodaccording to the workflow of FIG. 3, namely for a usage scenario in thefield of software configuration by adding certain software components.More in detail, when a new Component Bundle Archive (CBA) is added, themonitoring method may check whether the corresponding inserts have beenmade to the database. When logs corresponding to inserts are missing,the customer is informed, thereby preventing malfunction duringtransaction execution.

FIG. 5a shows a log file 500 indicating the steps 510 performed in thepresent usage scenario. Similarly, as described before, a list of stepsmay be provided which defines which steps has to be executed in order toachieve an expected behavior of the monitored software application. Morein detail, the list of steps may define which steps indicating insertsinto the database have to be performed in order to avoid futureproblems.

Based on the log file 500, the decision tree 550 of FIG. 5b is traversedthereby determining the reason why a step is missing and finding asolution for the missing step. Referring to the log file 500, a step ofthe present usage scenario is the update of the data base by insertingissues corresponding to the added software component (second step in thelog file). Decision tree 550 includes, for example, decision diamond560, decision diamond 561, and leaf node 570. Referring to the decisiontree 550, if the step is missing, the leaf node 570 associated with thedecision diamond 561 may contain or provide a hint towards the reason offuture unexpected behavior and a solution for avoiding the unexpectedbehavior. Thereby, unexpected behavior and/or exceptions can be avoidedpreventively.

The plurality of decision trees used for handling errors/exceptions andused for preventively avoid unexpected behavior of software applicationshave to be adapted in case of software changes, for example. In casethat a new decision tree is provided for a certain exception which isalready associated with an existing decision tree, the system will tryto merge the decision trees. One possible condition whether two decisiontrees can be merged is whether one of the decision trees encompasses thesteps of the other. So, in other words, for merging two decision treesit is checked if one of the decision trees is fully included in theother one. If so, a merging of decision trees is performed. If not, anappropriate reason will be provided to the end user.

In order to enable the monitoring system to read the log files, thesystem will receive information regarding the path in which the logfiles can be found. Furthermore, read access may be provided to the logfiles generated by the monitored software application. For example, themonitoring system is informed that the installer logs are available at afirst directory (e.g. INSTALLDIR/logs folder) and runtime logs areavailable at further directories (e.g. RUNTIMEDIR/logs andWAS_PROFILE_DIR/logs). Read access may be provided for the monitoringsystem to all sub folders and files in these directories, so that allfiles included in the directories can be searched.

According to certain embodiments, the monitoring method will run inparallel with the monitored software application and keep parsing thelog files which may be generated continuously or in certain intervals.As soon as the monitoring method is started it will start searching thefiles in the install logs for error messages loaded to it. It willmaintain a list of error messages found in the install logs. In casethat error messages and exceptions are found, for each exception thesystem will traverse the decision tree corresponding to the foundexception, find out which steps have been performed and which have notbeen performed from the logs and reach a leaf node based on the failedor missing step. It will then inform the user of the exception, thereason for the exception and a possible solution for the exception basedon the details found in the leaf node. Thereby, installation errors areuncovered before the monitored system is used for production.

Summing up, a monitoring method has been presented which uses a decisiontree. The method is advantageous because downtime in productionenvironments is reduced and a prediction of possible malfunction ispossible, based on which crashes can be avoided. In addition, alerts tothe software development team are provided based on which they can findout new issues, if any, get an insight of errors and their impact andhints how to fix the errors together with one or more links to requireddocumentation.

Based on the foregoing, a computer system, method, and computer programproduct have been disclosed. However, numerous modifications andsubstitutions can be made without deviating from the scope of thepresent invention. Therefore, the present invention has been disclosedby way of example and not limitation.

While the invention has been shown and described with reference tocertain exemplary embodiments thereof, it will be understood by thoseskilled in the art that various changes in form and details may be madetherein without departing from the spirit and scope of the presentinvention as defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

What is claimed is:
 1. A computer-implemented method finding the rootcause of errors and/or unexpected behavior of a monitored softwareapplication, the method comprising: providing a decision treecorresponding to an error and/or unexpected behavior of a softwareapplication, wherein the decision tree comprising multiple nodes and thenodes are coupled by branches, wherein the decision tree furthercomprising one or more leaf nodes, wherein the leaf nodes indicates atleast one reason and one or more possible solutions for the error and/orunexpected behavior; scanning one or more log-files of a softwareapplication and running through the decision tree based on the stepsincluded in the scanned log files; determining, based on the decisiontree and the scanned log files which step has been not performed by thesoftware application, wherein the non-performed step being indicativefor an error and/or unexpected behavior of the software application;determining a leaf node based on the determined non-performed step;extracting information from the leaf node; and providing a reason and/ora solution of the error and/or unexpected behavior associated with thenon-performed step based on the extracted information.
 2. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein the scanning oflog-files is performed in parallel to the execution of the softwareapplication.
 3. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein thelog file comprises multiple log entries, wherein a certain log entry ofthe log file is associated with a certain node of the decision tree. 4.The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein a plurality ofdecision trees are provided and a decision tree out of the plurality ofdecision trees is selected based on the unexpected behavior or theerror.
 5. The computer-implemented method of claim 1, wherein therunning through the decision tree is triggered by a message included ina log file, the message indicating an error or unexpected behavior ofthe monitored software application.
 6. The computer-implemented methodof claim 1, wherein a list of possible error scenarios includes a one ormore key words associated with each of the possible error scenarios; andwherein the scanning one or more log-files of a software applicationcomprises searching for one or more key words within the one or more logfiles to detect an error.
 7. The computer-implemented method of claim 1,wherein the provided solution is executed automatically in order toremedy an occurred error and/or unexpected behavior.
 8. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 1, further comprises: providingfeedback to a user, informing the user regarding an encountered error orpossibly occurring unexpected behavior.
 9. A computer-implemented methodfinding the root cause of unexpected behavior of a software applicationin a usage scenario, the method comprising the steps of: providing adecision tree corresponding to a usage scenario of a softwareapplication, wherein the decision tree comprising multiple nodes and thenodes are coupled by branches, wherein the decision tree furthercomprising one or more leaf nodes, wherein the leaf nodes indicating atleast one reason and one or more possible solutions for the unexpectedbehavior; providing a list of steps which have to be executed in orderto achieve a certain behavior of the software application in the usagescenario; scanning one or more log-files of a software application;checking, based on the list of steps to be executed, the one or morescanned log-file to determine if the one or more log-files containinformation regarding the execution of all steps in the list; runningthrough the decision tree based on the steps included in the scanned logfile, when a step in the list of steps has not been executed;determining a leaf node of the decision tree that corresponds to thenon-executed step; extracting information from the determined leaf nodeof the decision tree; and providing a reason for not executing the stepand/or a solution to avoid unexpected behavior in the usage scenariobased on the extracted information.
 10. The computer-implemented methodof claim 9, wherein the scanning of log-files is performed in parallelto the execution of the software application.
 11. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the log file comprisesmultiple log entries, wherein a certain log entry of the log file isassociated with a certain node of the decision tree.
 12. Thecomputer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein a plurality of decisiontrees are provided and a certain decision tree out of the plurality ofdecision trees is selected based on the respective usage scenario. 13.The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the method istriggered by noticing a statement corresponding to a certain usagescenario.
 14. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein aplurality of lists of steps is provided and a certain list out of theplurality of lists is selected based on the respective usage scenario.15. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, wherein the providedsolution is executed automatically in order to remedy an unexpectedbehavior.
 16. The computer-implemented method of claim 9, furthercomprises: providing feedback to a user, informing the user regardingnot executing at least one step.
 17. A computer program product forfinding the root cause of errors and/or unexpected behavior of amonitored software application, the computer program product comprising:one or more non-transitory computer-readable storage media and programinstructions stored on the one or more non-transitory computer-readablestorage media, the program instructions comprising: providing a decisiontree corresponding to an error and/or unexpected behavior of a softwareapplication, wherein the decision tree comprising multiple nodes and thenodes are coupled by branches, wherein the decision tree furthercomprising one or more leaf nodes, wherein the leaf nodes indicates atleast one reason and one or more possible solutions for the error and/orunexpected behavior; scanning one or more log-files of a softwareapplication and running through the decision tree based on the stepsincluded in the scanned log files; determining, based on the decisiontree and the scanned log files which step has been not performed by thesoftware application, wherein the non-performed step being indicativefor an error and/or unexpected behavior of the software application;determining a leaf node based on the determined non-performed step;extracting information from the leaf node; and providing a reason and/ora solution of the error and/or unexpected behavior associated with thenon-performed step based on the extracted information.